Native Valve Endocarditis in A Patient With Recurrent Infections – A Case Study

Abstract

Native valve Endocarditis is a relatively uncommon yet potentially perilous condition often associated with pre-existing heart ailments. This particular case pertains to a 62-year-old man with no prior history of cardiac issues, who presented with symptoms including high fever, cough, and dyspnoea. Preceding his diagnosis, the patient had recently experienced typhoid(Salmonella typhi) and streptococcal infections. Physical examination revealed systolic murmurs and valve vegetations, subsequently confirmed through echocardiography and cardiac CT scan. Blood cultures detected Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), leading to the diagnosis of infective endocarditis using the modified Duke criteria. The patient’s condition markedly improved following treatment with gentamicin and cefoperazone-sulbactam. This case underscores the importance of early identification and management of recurrent infections, even in the absence of common risk factors for infective endocarditis. Emphasis on preventive care and regular follow-ups is crucial to mitigate the risk of recurrence. A key factor in improving prognosis is early diagnosis through echocardiography and microbiological assessment, followed by tailored antimicrobial therapy. Regular follow up,maintenance of oral hygiene, and adoption of a healthy lifestyle, including the avoidance of betel quid chewing, are imperative to minimize the likelihood of recurrence. Despite successful treatment, the risk of recurrence remains elevated, necessitating ongoing monitoring.